The unloaded rpm is the maximum the motor can run. It's Kv times the voltage. Loading the motor always lowers the rpm. I've seen motors seize when they threw a magnet even when under load in the water. The load varies tremendously on a running boat as the prop raises and lowers. Motors that you value probably shouldn't be run unloaded. However, they often can be without a problem. Under load they heat up and weaken the adhesive and wraps holding everything together. I think high rpm under load or high rpm on a motor that has been run hot is more likely to cause a problem.
Lohring Miller
Lohring Miller
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